Blog post
December 8, 2025

Social listening frameworks in Singapore: why the publicly available data exemption is not a free pass

Singapore’s PDPA is the most permissive data protection framework in Southeast Asia for social listening, thanks to its exemption for publicly available data. But “permissive” does not mean “unregulated.” Organisations that treat the exemption as blanket permission to collect, store, and analyse social media data without governance are exposing themselves to compliance risk — particularly after the PDPC’s October 2025 enforcement action against Marina Bay Sands, which used turnover-based penalty calculations for the first time.

What the publicly available data exemption actually covers

The PDPA’s publicly available data exemption allows organisations to collect personal data that an individual has deliberately made public without obtaining consent. On social media, this covers posts, comments, and profile information shared on platforms where the user has chosen public visibility settings.

The critical nuance is conditionality. If an individual changes their privacy settings to restrict visibility, the exemption ceases to apply. Data that was publicly available when collected may no longer qualify if the individual subsequently made it private. For social listening buyers, this means historical datasets must be periodically reviewed against current privacy settings — a capability most global tools do not offer.

The exemption also does not override other PDPA obligations. Organisations must still ensure data accuracy, implement reasonable security arrangements, limit retention to what is necessary, and restrict use to purposes a reasonable person would consider appropriate. The 2020 amendment’s legitimate interests exception provides an additional pathway, allowing processing where organisational benefit outweighs adverse effect on the individual — but this requires documented assessment, not assumption.

Why “We Are GDPR Compliant” is not enough

The most common compliance gap among global social listening vendors is the assumption that European GDPR compliance automatically satisfies Singapore requirements. It does not. The PDPA has distinct provisions that do not map cleanly to European frameworks.

Singapore’s Do Not Call Registry creates specific obligations around marketing communications that have no direct GDPR equivalent. The PDPA’s consent framework differs from GDPR’s in both scope and exceptions. And Singapore’s penalties are structured differently from GDPR’s — for breaches of data protection provisions, organisations face fines of up to 10 percent of annual turnover in Singapore (for those exceeding SGD 10 million in local turnover) or SGD 1 million, whichever is higher, while DNC-related violations involving dictionary attacks and address-harvesting software carry a separate cap of 5 percent of turnover (for those exceeding SGD 20 million) or SGD 1 million.

The Marina Bay Sands enforcement action in October 2025 was significant because it was the first time the PDPC applied turnover-based penalty calculations. Over 500,000 patron records were exposed. For social listening vendors handling large volumes of personal data, this precedent significantly increases the potential cost of non-compliance.

Five questions every social listening buyer should ask

When evaluating vendors for Singapore deployment, compliance-focused procurement teams should go beyond the standard feature comparison.

  • First, where is the data stored? Singapore does not mandate data localisation, but many public sector and financial services organisations have internal policies requiring data to remain within approved jurisdictions.
  • Second, how does the vendor handle data retention and deletion? The PDPA requires organisations not to retain personal data longer than necessary. If your vendor stores historical social media data indefinitely, you need to understand how that aligns with your retention policies.
  • Third, what security certifications does the vendor hold? ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001 certifications provide independently audited evidence of compliance with information security and quality management standards. Most global social listening vendors lack these certifications.
  • Fourth, how does the vendor’s AI process personal data? With AI-powered sentiment analysis and audience intelligence, the PDPA’s provisions around automated decision-making become relevant.
  • Fifth, does the vendor have local regulatory expertise? A vendor with Singapore-based operations and clients in regulated sectors will understand compliance constraints that a global platform configured remotely cannot match.

How Mandatory DPO Appointments Change the Buying Process

Since June 2025, Singapore organisations meeting prescribed thresholds must appoint a Data Protection Officer. This changes the social listening procurement dynamic because the DPO must be involved in vendor evaluation from the outset — not brought in after a tool has already been selected.

For social listening buyers, this means the evaluation criteria now formally include data governance capabilities: audit trails, access controls, retention management, and evidence of compliance infrastructure. Vendors that can demonstrate ISO-certified security, granular data controls, and local regulatory expertise will clear DPO review faster than those requiring extensive due diligence on foreign data handling practices.

Building a compliance-first social listening strategy

The practical approach starts with governance rather than features. Map your social listening objectives against existing data protection policies. Define what data you actually need to collect, establish the lawful basis for collection, set retention periods, and determine access controls. These governance decisions should drive vendor requirements, not the other way around.

Then evaluate vendors on compliance infrastructure with the same weight you give to dashboard design and data coverage. Isentia holds dual ISO certifications — ISO/IEC 27001:2022 for information security management and ISO 9001 for quality management — providing independently audited evidence of compliance. With nearly two decades of operations in Singapore and a client base spanning government agencies and financial institutions, Isentia understands the specific compliance constraints these sectors face.

In a regulatory environment where enforcement is accelerating and penalties are shifting to turnover-based calculations, the compliance foundation of your social listening programme matters more than any feature on a comparison chart.


Learn More

• Isentia Social Listening for Singapore — See how integrated monitoring covers Singapore’s multilingual media landscape across 6,000,000+ data sources.

• Isentia Media Monitoring Solutions — Explore unified monitoring across TV, radio, print, online, and social media.

• Book a Demo with Isentia — Connect with Isentia’s Singapore team to discuss a social listening framework tailored to your agency’s needs.

• PDPC Official Site — Singapore’s Personal Data Protection Commission advisory guidelines.

• About Isentia — Dual ISO certifications and trusted APAC partner.

• MAS Guidelines — Additional compliance requirements for financial sector organisations.

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A weekly tracker tracing the stories, figures and policies driving media and social coverage in the 2026 New Zealand General Election across Online News, TV, Radio, Newspaper, Magazine, X, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Threads and Forums. This edition covers conversations and coverage from 8th - 15th October, highlighting what’s shaping the election conversation.

1. Election Conversation

18,417
total mentions this week
4,479 media13,938 social

Media = news coverage. Social = all public posts across X, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Threads and Forums - everyone posting, not just media outlets.

2. Media Issue of the Week

Green and Te Pāti Māori MPs Draw Criticism Over Meeting With Mongrel Mob Members

Greens / Te Pāti Māori112 media items · 116 social posts

Candidates and sitting MPs from the Green Party and Te Pāti Māori attended a meeting with Mongrel Mob members at a gang address. When photographs from the meeting were shared on social media, the response from commentators and rival parties was swift and largely critical.

This was not the week's highest-volume story, accounting for only 112 of 4,479 media items (2.5%, after filtering out unrelated international content) and 116 of 13,938 unique social posts (0.8%, after collapsing retweet/repost duplicates down to one count per message), well below the volume generated by ongoing leaders' debate coverage, which totalled 1,125 media items. Two independent methods nonetheless support treating it as a genuine, separable story: an exact keyword count aligns closely with an unsupervised clustering analysis of the entire media population, which identified it as a distinct 47-item cluster - smaller than general campaign coverage and several specific policy announcements, but clearly distinguishable from them. What sets the story apart is the intensity of the reaction rather than its scale: 72% of social commentary on the topic was negative, the most one-sided sentiment recorded for any subject this week, and the average post attracted roughly 5.7 times the typical level of engagement. Taken together, these figures point to a genuine public reaction concentrated on social platforms, and the episode provides National and ACT with a law-and-order narrative that may continue into coming weeks. It has not been linked to a tracked party policy below, as it reflects a matter of conduct rather than a policy position.

3. What's happening across media and social?

4,479 media items · 13,938 social items · share of each channel's own conversation, so the two bars are directly comparable

"Social" is all public posts across X, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Threads and Forums - not just media organisations' own accounts.

MediaSocial
Issues
Cost of Living
Media
15.8%
Social
22.7%
Economy & Jobs
Media
19.4%
Social
17.5%
Health
Media
11.7%
Social
9.9%
Infrastructure & Transport
Media
11.4%
Social
5.2%
Law & Order
Media
5.3%
Social
10.6%
Parties
National
Media
30.9%
Social
27.5%
Labour
Media
25.3%
Social
21.6%
NZ First
Media
14.7%
Social
21.5%
Greens
Media
14.1%
Social
20.4%
ACT
Media
6.8%
Social
6.4%

The most active commentary this week came from Sean Plunket, the Chris Chang and Tova O'Brien pairing, and John MacDonald.

By follower reach, the most prominent social accounts posting about the election this week were major outlets' own accounts - the New Zealand Herald, 1News, RNZ, Stuff and Radio Tarana - alongside the official Labour Party account. Individual leaders' personal accounts posted actively but with smaller followings than these outlet and party accounts.

The Greens continue to receive disproportionately greater attention on social media relative to traditional news coverage, accounting for 20.4% of social party conversation compared with 14.1% in media coverage - roughly 1.4 times the media share.

Law and order shows a similarly pronounced gap between channels this week, accounting for 10.6% of social conversation compared with 5.3% in the news. This is consistent with the public reaction to the Mongrel Mob meeting, which appears to have generated considerably sharper engagement on social platforms than mainstream coverage volume alone would suggest.

4. Party Share of Conversation

1. National33.1%
2. Labour26.6%
3. NZ First20.6%
4. Greens19.7%

Shown for the four largest parliamentary parties (National, Labour, Greens, NZ First); ACT, Te Pāti Māori and TOP are tracked elsewhere in this report but not included in this chart, so these shares sum to 100% of the four shown, not of all tracked parties. Share of conversation measures attention and mentions only - it is not polling and should not be read as an indication of electoral success.

5. Top candidates this week

1. Winston Peters1,931
2. Christopher Luxon1,631
3. Chris Hipkins1,466
4. David Seymour916
5. Chloe Swarbrick561

Winston Peters leads the rankings this week, a shift driven primarily by a widely circulated moment in the minor-party leaders' debate in which he described diversity as "a weakness rather than a strength" while delivering a pointed critique of the left-leaning bloc. Christopher Luxon and Chris Hipkins follow closely behind as the campaign moves into its final weeks, while David Seymour and Chloe Swarbrick complete the top five, each drawing attention largely through their parties' own policy announcements this week.

6. Election Issues

Top 4 themes this week

Economy & Jobs3,014
Cost of Living2,901
Health1,789
Infrastructure & Transport1,508

What's driving conversation about each party?

Each major party's top-ranked issues this week, by real topic volume in their social conversation (after excluding other parties' names, individual people, and procedural or horse-race chatter), with how that conversation leaned

NegativeNeutralPositive
National
Cost of living · 86 items
Neg 46.5%Neu 31.4%Pos 22.1%
Tax reform · 34 items
Neg 44.1%Neu 52.9%Pos 2.9%
Fiscal plan · 42 items
Neg 38.1%Neu 57.1%Pos 4.8%
Labour
Cost of living · 88 items
Neg 30.7%Neu 36.4%Pos 33%
Fiscal plan · 47 items
Neg 55.3%Neu 34%Pos 10.6%
Economy · 70 items
Neg 34.3%Neu 48.6%Pos 17.1%
Greens
Wealth tax · 41 items
Neg 53.7%Neu 34.1%Pos 12.2%
Cost of living · 43 items
Neg 27.9%Neu 41.9%Pos 30.2%
Jobs · 112 items
Neg 34.8%Neu 33.9%Pos 31.2%
ACT
Fiscal plan · 24 items
Neg 50%Neu 37.5%Pos 12.5%

Volume and sentiment above are based on social media data only.

7. Issues to Watch

  • The meeting between Green and Te Pāti Māori representatives and Mongrel Mob members represents a reputational risk for both parties heading into the final weeks of the campaign. Whether National and ACT are able to sustain this as a law-and-order narrative through to the 7 November election is worth monitoring closely.
  • Labour's fiscal plan issue recorded the most negative social sentiment of any tracked policy this week, at 55.3% negative, followed by Greens' wealth tax at 53.7% and ACT's fiscal plan at 50.0%. All three touch on tax, spending or fiscal policy specifically, suggesting the fiscal debate is where social sentiment is running most negative across the board this week, rather than any one party facing an isolated problem.
  • Social media discussion of the Greens continues to centre on polling performance and tactical voting considerations rather than policy substance. Coalition and tactical-voting framing accounts for 12.7% of their social conversation this week, compared with just 2.2% focused specifically on their wealth tax proposal - a pattern that has now held for three consecutive weeks. Whether that balance shifts as the campaign enters its final stretch would be worth tracking.

If you want to find out more about how Isentia can help you understand the NZ media landscape, please reach out to us here.

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Blog
NZ Election 2026: Mongrel Mob Controversy, Fiscal Policy and Greens on social media

Explore New Zealand’s 2026 election conversation, from the Mongrel Mob meeting controversy and law and order to reactions to Labour’s capital gains tax.

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A weekly tracker tracing the stories, figures and policies driving media and social coverage in the 2026 New Zealand General Election across Online News, TV, Radio, Newspaper, Magazine, X, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Threads and Forums. This edition covers conversations and coverage from 1st – 8th October, highlighting what’s shaping the election conversation.

1. Election Conversation

21,637
total mentions this week
4,360 media17,277 social

2. Media Issue of the Week

National Proposes Drug Testing and Benefit Cuts for Jobseekers

National29 media items

National announced a five-point welfare policy: random drug testing for JobSeeker recipients (with sanctions for repeat failures), reduced payments for long-term beneficiaries, and a doubled stand-down period for repeatedly leaving jobs without good reason. Labour and the Greens called it "punching down" and "cruel"; ACT proposed going even further; Luxon defended it as "fairness" for taxpayers.

The single largest media cluster this week (183 of 600 sampled items) was generic "campaigning intensifies as election day nears" coverage. This welfare policy, while smaller by volume (29 items), is a genuine flashpoint: a specific, controversial announcement that sharply divided every major party and will likely keep generating reaction into next week.

3. What's happening across media and social?

4,360 media items · 17,277 social items · share of each channel's own conversation, so the two bars are directly comparable

MediaSocial
Issues
Cost of Living
Media
15.8%
Social
24.5%
Economy & Jobs
Media
19.4%
Social
13.4%
Housing
Media
10.5%
Social
7.7%
Health
Media
8.5%
Social
9.3%
Infrastructure & Transport
Media
9.8%
Social
7.1%
Education
Media
8.2%
Social
8%
Parties
National
Media
25.5%
Social
31.3%
Labour
Media
18.9%
Social
25.9%
NZ First
Media
18.3%
Social
17.2%
Greens
Media
10.3%
Social
20.8%
ACT
Media
11%
Social
3.9%

The Greens get more than twice the relative attention on social media as in the news. On social, the Greens are 20.8% of party conversation; in the news, they're 10.3%.

Health is a top-four issue on social but not in the news this week - Infrastructure takes its place in media's top four instead. Social conversation is tilting toward the health system while media coverage stays on economy, cost of living and infrastructure announcements.

4. Party Share of Conversation

1. National33.7%
2. Labour26.7%
3. NZ First20.7%
4. Greens18.9%

Share of conversation measures attention and mentions only - it is not polling and should not be read as an indication of electoral success.

5. Top candidates this week

1. Christopher Luxon2,301
2. Chris Hipkins2,058
3. Winston Peters1,446
4. David Seymour757
5. Chloe Swarbrick609

Luxon and Hipkins remain close at the top as the campaign enters its final stretch. Peters follows, still driven by coalition speculation. Seymour moves up to fourth on the back of ACT's economic-reform push (including floating a higher superannuation age), overtaking Swarbrick, whose fifth-place mentions continue to track the Greens' polling strength.

6. Election Issues

Top 4 themes this week

Cost of Living3,584
Economy & Jobs3,359
Housing1,846
Infrastructure & Transport1,709

How are policies landing for each party?

Each major party's most prominent specific policy, and how social conversation reacted to it

NegativeNeutralPositive
National
Infrastructure investment · 53 items
Neg 42.3%Neu 36.5%Pos 21.2%
Labour
Capital gains tax (incl. farms) · 70 items
Neg 85.5%Neu 14.5%Pos 0%
Greens
Wealth tax · 67 items
Neg 17.9%Neu 65.7%Pos 16.4%
ACT
KiwiSaver tax removal · 23 items
Neg 4.3%Neu 4.3%Pos 91.3%

Volume and sentiment above are based on social media data only.

7. Issues to Watch

  • National's welfare drug-testing policy is a fresh, sharply divisive flashpoint - the "punching down" framing from Labour and the Greens, and ACT signalling it wants to go further still, both point to more reaction next week.
  • Labour's capital gains tax remains the week's clearest negative outlier (85.5% negative on social). National's own infrastructure pledge is also net-negative this week (42.3% vs 21.2% positive), despite infrastructure announcements usually landing on safer ground than tax policy. ACT's KiwiSaver policy, by contrast, remains clearly positive (91.3%).
  • On social, discussion of the Greens is mostly about polling results and tactical voting rather than their own policy: 14% of their social conversation is coalition/tactical-voting framing (which bloc to "party vote" for), versus just 2% specifically about their wealth tax policy - their polling surge is driving attention more than their platform is.

If you want to find out more about how Isentia can help you understand the NZ media landscape, please reach out to us here.

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Blog
NZ Election 2026: Welfare, Greens and the policies driving conversation

What’s shaping New Zealand’s 2026 election conversation? Explore the key policies, parties and issues driving media and social discussion this week.

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